A synergistic formula of 9 rainforest botanicals including graviola to nutritionally support prostate function.  For more information on the individual ingredients in Amazon Prostate Support, follow the links provided below to the plant database files in the Tropical Plant Database.

Each rainforest botanical in this professional formula has been sustainably harvested in the Amazon Rainforest.  Click here to learn more about our rainforest ingredients and wild harvesting methods.  This product contains no binders, fillers, or exipients and is 100% finely milled natural plants.

Ingredients: A proprietary blend of nettle, jatoba, mutamba, graviola, Brazilian peppertree, vassourinha, cipó cabeludo, pau d'arco, and anamu. This formula is 100% pure natural ground plants. No binders, fillers or other additives are used. These plants have grown naturally in the richness of the Amazon without any pesticides or fertilizers and they are non-irradiated and non-fumigated.

Suggested Use: Take 2-3 capsules 2-3 times daily.

Contraindications: None known.

Drug Interactions: None known.

Other Practitioner Observations:

• Several plants in this formula have demonstrated antimicrobial activity in laboratory tests. Long term use may lead to die-off of friendly bacteria in the digestive tract. Supplementation with probiotics and digestive enzymes is advisable when this formula is used for longer than 30 days.
• Cipó cabeludo contains the plant chemical coumarin which has anticoagulant activity. Those on anticoagulant medications, or those with blood disorders such as hemophilia, should be monitored closely for this blood-thinning effect.
• Several plants in this formula have been documented to reduce blood pressure in animal studies. Individuals with low blood pressure should be monitored for this possible effect.

Buy 3 - 5 bottles and receive 5% off!
Buy 6  or more bottles and receive 10% off! 

Third-Party Published Research
This proprietary Raintree product has not been the subject of any clinical research.  A partial listing of third-party published research on each herbal ingredient in the formula is shown below.  Please refer to the plant database files by clicking on the plant names below to see all available documentation and research on each plant ingredient.

Nettle Root (Urtica dioica)
Popa, G., et al. “Efficacy of a combined Sabal-urtica preparation in the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study.” MMW Fortschr. Med. 2005 Oct; 147 Suppl 3:103-8.
Lopatkin, N., et al. “Long-term efficacy and safety of a combination of sabal and urtica extract for lower urinary tract symptoms—a placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial.” World J. Urol. 2005 Jun; 23(2): 139-46.
Walther, C., et al. “Benign prostatic syndrome. Urinary urgency and micturition frequency reduced with plant preparation." MMW Fortschr Med. 2005 Oct; 147(40):52-3.
Popa, G., et al. “Benign prostate syndrome: urinary tract symptoms can be eased with phytotherapy.” MMW Fortschr. Med. 2005 Aug; 147(33-34):42.
Schneider, T., et al. “Stinging nettle root extract (Bazoton-uno) in long term treatment of benign prostatic syndrome (BPS). Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled multicenter study after 12 months” Urologe A. 2004 Mar;43(3):302-6.
Durak I, et al. “Aqueous extract of Urtica dioica makes significant inhibition on adenosine deaminase activity in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer.” Cancer Biol. Ther. 2004; 3(9): 855-7.
Carson, C., et al. “The role of dihydrotestosterone in benign prostatic hyperplasia.” Urology. 2003; 61(4 Suppl 1): 2-7.
Melo, E. A., et al. “Evaluating the efficiency of a combination of Pygeum africanum and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) extracts in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial.” Int. Braz. J. Urol. 2002 Sep-Oct; 28(5): 418-25.
Koch, E. “Extracts from fruits of saw palmetto (Sabal serrulata) and roots of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica): viable alternatives in the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and associated lower urinary tracts symptoms.” Planta Med. 2001; 67: 489-500.
Sokeland, J. “Combined sabal and urtica extract compared with finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: analysis of prostate volume and therapeutic outcome.” B. J. U. Int. 2000; 86(4): 439-42.
Schottner, M., et al. “Lignans from the roots of Urtica dioica and their metabolites bind to human sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG).” Planta Med. 1997; 63(6): 529-32.
Lichius, J. J., et al. “The inhibiting effects of Urtica dioica root extracts on experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia in the mouse.” Planta Med. 1997; 63(4): 307-10.
Hryb, D. J., et al. “The effect of extracts of the roots of the stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on the interaction of SHBG with its receptor on human prostatic membranes.” Planta Med. 1995; 61(1): 31-2.
Koch E. and A. Biber. "Pharmacological effects of saw palmetto and urtica extracts for benign prostatic hyperplasia." Urologe 1994; 34(2): 90-95.
Krzeski, T., et al. “Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses.” Clin. Ther. 1993; 15(6): 1011-20.

Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril)
Abdel-Kader, M., et al. “Isolation and absolute configuration of ent-Halimane diterpenoids from Hymenaea courbaril from the Suriname rain forest.” J. Nat. Prod. 2002; 65(1): 11-5.
Rahalison, L., et al. “Screening for antifungal activity of Panamanian plants.” Inst. J. Pharmacog. 1993; 31(1): 68–76.
Verpoorte, R., et al. “Medicinal plants of Surinam. IV. Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1987; 21(3): 315–18.
Arrhenius, S.P., et al. “Inhibitory effects of Hymenaea and Copaifera leaf resins on the leaf fungus, Pestalotia subcuticulari.” Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 1983; 11(4): 361–66.
Tincusi, B. M., et al. “Antimicrobial terpenoids from the oleoresin of the Peruvian medicinal plant Copaifera paupera.” Planta Med. 2002; 68(9): 808–12.
Caceres, A., et al. “Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatomucosal infections. 1: Screening of 38 plant extracts.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1991; 33(3): 277–83.
Verpoorte, R., et al. “Medicinal plants of Surinam. IV. Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1987; 21(3): 315–18.

Mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia)
Camporese, A., et al. “Screening of anti-bacterial activity of medicinal plants from Belize (Central America).” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Jul; 87(1): 103-7.
Navarro, M. C., et al. “Antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antioxidant activity of five plants used in Izabal for infectious diseases.” Phytother. Res. 2003; 17(4): 325-9.
Caceres, A., et al. “Anti-gonorrhoeal activity of plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1995; 48(2): 85–88.
Caceres, A., et al. “Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 3. Confirmation of activity against enterobacteria of 16 plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1993; 38(1): 31–38.
Caceres, A., et al. “Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of respiratory diseases. 2: Evaluation of activity of 16 plants against gram-positive bacteria.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1993; 39(1): 77–82.
Heinrich, M., et al. “Parasitological and microbiological evaluation of Mixe Indian medicinal plants.” (Mexico) J. Ethnopharmacol. 1992; 36(1): 81–85.
Caceres, A., et al. “Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 1. Screening of 84 plants against enterobacteria.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1990; 30(1): 55–73.
Caceres, A., et al. “Screening of antimicrobial activity of plants popularly used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatomucosal diseases.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1987; 20(3): 223–37.

Graviola (Annona muricata)
Takahashi, J. A., et al. “Antibacterial activity of eight Brazilian Annonaceae plants.” Nat. Prod. Res. 2006; 20(1):21-6
Betancur-Galvis, L., et al. “Antitumor and antiviral activity of Colombian medicinal plant extracts.” Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 1999; 94(4): 531-35.
Antoun, M. D., et al. “Evaluation of the flora of Puerto Rico for in vitro cytotoxic and anti-HIV activities. Pharmaceutical Biol. 1999; 37(4): 277-280.
Sundarrao, K., et al. “Preliminary screening of antibacterial and antitumor activities of Papua New Guinean native medicinal plants.” Int. J. Pharmacog. 1993; 31(1): 3–6.
Misas, C. A. J., et al. “Contribution to the biological evaluation of Cuban plants. IV.” Rev. Cubana Med. Trop. 1979; 31(1): 29–35.
Yuan, S. S., et al. “Annonacin, a mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, arrests cancer cells at the G1 phase and causes cytotoxicity in a Bax- and caspase-3-related pathway.” Life Sci. 2003 May: 72(25): 2853-61.

Brazilian Peppertree (Schinus molle)
de Lima, M. R., et al. “Anti-bacterial activity of some Brazilian medicinal plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Dec 12;
Schmourlo, G., et al. “Screening of antifungal agents using ethanol precipitation and bioautography of medicinal and food plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Jan; 96(3): 563-8.
de Carvalho, M. C. “Evaluation of mutagenic activity in an extract of pepper tree stem bark (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi).” Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2003; 42(3): 185-91.
de Melo, Jr., E. J., et al. “Medicinal plants in the healing of dry socket in rats: Microbiological and microscopic analysis.” Phytomedicine. 2002; 9(2): 109–16.
Quiroga, E. N., et al. “Screening antifungal activities of selected medicinal plants.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 74(1): 89–96.
Martinez, M. J., et al. “Screening of some Cuban medicinal plants for antimicrobial activity.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1996; 52(3): 171–74.
Cuella, M. J., et al. “Two fungal lanostane derivatives as phospholipase A2 inhibitors.” J. Nat. Prod. 1996; 59(10): 977–79.
Gundidza, M., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Schinus molle Linn.” Central African J. Med. 1993; 39(11): 231–34.
Dikshit, A. “Schinus molle: a new source of natural fungitoxicant.” Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1986; 51(5): 1085–88.
El-Keltawi, N., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian aromatic plants.” Herba Pol. 1980; 26(4): 245–50.
Ross, S., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian aromatic plants.” Fitoterapia. 1980; 51: 201–5.

Vassourinha (Scoparia dulcis)
Kasperczyk, H., et al. “Betulinic acid as new activator of NF-kappaB: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy.” Oncogene. 2005 Oct; 24(46): 6945-56.
Fulda, S., et al. “Sensitization for anticancer drug-induced apoptosis by betulinic acid.” Neoplasia. 2005; 7(2): 162-70.
Garg, A. K., et al. “Chemosensitization and radiosensitization of tumors by plant polyphenols.” Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 2005; 7(11-12): 1630-47.
Ahmed, M., et al. “Analgesic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory principle from Scoparia dulcis.” Pharmazie. 2001; 56(8): 657–60.
Freire, S., et al. “Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Scoparia dulcis L. extracts and glutinol in rodents.” Phytother. Res. 1993; 7: 408–14.
Freire, S., et al. “Analgesic activity of a triterpene isolated from Scoparia dulcis (vassourinha).” Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 1991; 86 (Suppl. II): 149–51.
Ratnasooriya, W. D., et al. “Antioxidant activity of water extract of Scoparia dulcis.” Fitoterapia. 2005 Mar; 76(2): 220-2.
Babincova, M., et al. “Free radical scavenging activity of Scoparia dulcis extract.” J. Med. Food. 2001; 4(3): 179-181.
Arisawa, M. “Cell growth inhibition of KB cells by plant extracts.” Natural Med. 1994; 48(4): 338–47.
Nishino, H. “Antitumor-promoting activity of scopadulcic acid B, isolated from the medicinal plant Scoparia dulcis L." Oncology. 1993; 50(2): 100–3.

Cipó Cabeludo (Mikania hirsutissima)
Ohkoshi, E., et al. “ent-Kaurenoic acids from Mikania hirsutissima (Compositae).” Phytochemistry. 2004 Apr; 65(7): 885-90.
Wilkins, M., et al. “Characterization of the bactericidal activity of the natural diterpene kaurenoic acid.” Planta Med. 2002; 68(5): 452–54.
Davino, S. C., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of kaurenoic acid derivatives substituted on carbon-15.” Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 1989; 22(9): 1127–29.
de Souza, C. P., et al. “Chemoprophylaxis of schistosomiasis: molluscacidal activity of natural products—assays with adult snails and oviposition.” An. Acad. Bras. Cienc. 1984; 56(3): 333–38.
Suyenaga, E. S., et al. "Anti-inflammatory investigation of some species of Mikania." Phytother. Res. 2002; 16(6): 519-23.
Paiva, L. A., et al. “Anti-inflammatory effect of kaurenoic acid, a diterpene from Copaifera langsdorffi on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats.” Vascul. Pharmacol. 2002 Dec; 39(6): 303-7.

Pau d'arco (Tabebuia impetiginosa)
Lee, J. H., et al. “Down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and telomerase activity by beta-lapachone in human prostate carcinoma cells.” Pharmacol. Res. 2005; 51(6): 553-60.
Choi, Y. H., et al. “Suppression of human prostate cancer cell growth by beta-Lapachone via down-regulation of PRB phosphorylation and induction of Cdk Inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1).” J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2003 Mar; 36(2): 223-9.
Balassiano, I. T., et al. “Demonstration of the lapachol as a potential drug for reducing cancer metastasis. Oncol. Rep. 2005; 13(2): 329-33.
Park, B. S., et al. “Selective growth-inhibiting effects of compounds identified in Tabebuia impetiginosa inner bark on human intestinal bacteria.” J. Agric. Food Chem. 2005 Feb; 23;53(4): 1152-7.
Park, B. S., et al. “Antibacterial activity of Tabebuia impetiginosa Martius ex DC (Taheebo) against Helicobacter pylori.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Dec;
Machado, T. B., et al. “In vitro activity of Brazilian medicinal plants, naturally occurring naphthoquinones and their analogues, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.” Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2003; 21(3): 279-84.
Portillo, A., et al. “Antifungal activity of Paraguayan plants used in traditional medicine.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 76(1): 93–8.
Nagata, K., et al. “Antimicrobial activity of novel furanonaphthoquinone analogs.” Antimicrobial Agents Chemother. 1998; 42(3): 700–2.
Binutu, O. A., et al. “Antimicrobial potentials of some plant species of the Bignoniaceae family.” Afr. J. Med. Sci. 1994; 23(3): 269–73.
Giuraud, P., et al. “Comparison of antibacterial and antifungal activities of lapachol and b-lapachone.” Planta Med. 1994; 60: 373–74.
Anesini, C., et al. “Screening of plants used in Argentine folk medicine for antimicrobial activity.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1993; 39(2): 119–28.

Anamu (Petiveria alliacea)
Gomes, P. B., et al. “Study of antinociceptive effect of isolated fractions from Petiveria alliacea L. (tipi) in mice.” Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2005; 28(1): 42-6.
Lopes-Martins, R. A., et al. “The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of a crude extract of Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae).” Phytomedicine. 2002; 9(3): 245-48.
Dunstan, C. A., et al. “Evaluation of some Samoan and Peruvian medicinal plants by prostaglandin biosynthesis and rat ear oedema assays.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 1997 Jun; 57(1): 35-56.
Kim, S., et al. “Antibacterial and antifungal activity of sulfur-containing compounds from Petiveria alliacea L.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 13;
Kubec, R., et al. “The lachrymatory principle of Petiveria alliacea.” Phytochemistry. 2003 May; 63(1): 37-40.
Ruffa, M. J., et al. “Antiviral activity of Petiveria alliacea against the bovine diarrhea virus. Chemotherapy 2002; 48(3): 144-47.
Benevides, P. J., et al. “Antifungal polysulphides from Petiveria alliacea L.” Phytochemistry. 2001; 57(5): 743-7.
Jovicevic, L., et al. “In vitro antiproliferative activity of Petiveria alliacea L. on several tumor cell lines.” Pharmacol. Res. 1993; 27(1): 105-06.
Rossi, V., et al. “Antiproliferative effects of Petiveria alliacea on several tumor cell lines.” Pharmacol. Res. Suppl. 1990; 22(2): 434. 

A botanical formula which combines 8 plants used by the shamans of the rainforest and herbal practitioners in South America for male vigor, libido, and as specific tonics for men.  For more information on the individual ingredients in Amazon M- T-Tonic, follow the links provided below to the plant database files in the Tropical Plant Database.

Each rainforest botanical in this professional formula has been sustainably harvested in the Amazon Rainforest.  Click here to learn more about our rainforest ingredients and wild harvesting methods.  This product contains no binders, fillers, chemicals, or exipients and is 100% finely milled natural plants.

Ingredients: A proprietary blend of muira puama, maca, suma, sarsaparilla, catuaba, chuchuhuasi, nettle, and jatoba.  This formula is 100% pure natural ground plants. No binders, fillers or other additives are used.  These plants have grown naturally in the richness of the Amazon without any pesticides or fertilizers and they are non-irradiated and non-fumigated.

Suggested Use: Take 2 capsules 2-3 times daily. Specifically formulated for men.

Contraindications: None.

Drug Interactions: May enhance the effect of high blood pressure medications.

Other Practitioner Observations: Several plants in this formula have been documented to reduce blood pressure.  Individuals with low blood pressure should be monitored for this possible effect.

Buy 2 - 4 bottles and receive 10% off!
Buy 5  or more bottles and receive 20% off!

Third-Party Published Research
This proprietary Raintree product has not been the subject of any clinical research.  A partial listing of third-party published research on each herbal ingredient in the formula is shown below.  Please refer to the plant database files by clicking on the plant names below to see all available documentation and research on each plant ingredient.

Muira Puama (Ptychopetalum olacoides)
Rowland, D. L., et al. “A review of plant-derived and herbal approaches to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions.” J. Sex. Marital Ther. 2003 May-Jun; 29(3): 185-205.
Waynberg, J. “Male sexual asthenia—interest in a traditional plant-derived medication.” Ethnopharmacology; 1995.
Waynberg, J. “Contributions to the clinical validation of the traditional use of Ptychopetalum guyanna.” Presented at the First International Congress on Ethnopharmacology, Strasbourg, France, June 5-9, 1990.
Bucci, L. R., et al. ”Selected herbals and human exercise performance.” Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000 Aug; 72(2 Suppl): 624S-36S.
Paiva, L., et al. “Effects of Ptychocepalum olacoides extract on mouse behaviour in forced swimming and open field tests.” Phytother. Res. 1998; 12(4): 294–96.
da Silva, A. L., et al. “Memory retrieval improvement by Ptychopetalum olacoides in young and aging mice.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2004 Dec; 95(2-3): 199-203.
Siqueira, I. R., et al. “Neuroprotective effects of Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham (Olacaceae) on oxygen and glucose deprivation induced damage in rat hippocampal slices.” Life Sci. 2004 Aug; 75(15): 1897-906.
Siqueira, I. R., et al. “Ptychopetalum olacoides, a traditional Amazonian "nerve tonic," possesses anticholinesterase activity.” Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 2003 Jun; 75(3): 645-50.
Siqueira, I. R., et al. “Psychopharamcological properties of Ptychopetalum olachoides Bentham (Olacaceae).” Pharmaceutical Biol. 1998; 36(5): 327–34.

Maca (Lepidium meyenii)
Lopez-Fando, A., et al. “Lepidium peruvianum Chacon restores homeostasis impaired by restraint stress.” Phytother. Res. 2004; 18(6): 471-4.
Cicero, A. F., et al. “Hexanic maca extract improves rat sexual performance more effectively than methanolic and chloroformic maca extracts.” Andrologia. 2002; 34(3): 177–79.
Cicero, A. F., et al. “Lepidium meyenii Walp. improves sexual behaviour in male rats independently from its action on spontaneous locomotor activity.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 75(2–3): 225–29.
Zheng, B. L., et al. “Effect of a lipidic extract from Lepidium meyenii on sexual behavior in mice and rats." Urology 2000; 55(4): 598–602.
Gonzales, G. F., et al. “Red maca (Lepidium meyenii) reduced prostate size in rats.” Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 2005; 3(1): 5.
Chung, F., et al. “Dose-response effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) aqueous extract on testicular function and weight of different organs in adult rats.” J. Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Apr; 98(1-2): 143-7.
Gonzales, G. F., et al. “Effect of Lepidium meyenii (maca), a root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men.” J. Endocrinol. 2003; 176(1): 163–68.
Gonzales, G. F., et al. “Effect of Lepidium meyenii (maca) on sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone levels in adult healthy men.” Andrologia. 2002; 34(6): 367–72.

Catuaba (Erythroxlyum catuaba) 
Vaz, Z. R., et al. “Analgesic effect of the herbal medicine Catuaba in thermal and chemical models of nociception in mice.” Phytother. Res. 1997; 11(2): 101–6.
Barbosa, N. R., et al. “Inhibition of platelet phospholipase A2 activity by catuaba extract suggests anti-inflammatory properties.” Phytother. Res. 2004; 18(11): 942-4.
Campos, M. M., et al. “Antidepressant-like effects of Trichilia catigua (Catuaba) extract: evidence for dopaminergic-mediated mechanisms.” Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005; 182(1): 45-53.

Suma (Pfaffia paniculata) 
Oshima, M., et al. “Pfaffia paniculata-induced changes in plasma estradiol-17beta, progesterone and testosterone levels in mice.” J. Reprod. Dev. 2003 Apr; 49(2): 175-80.
Arletti, R., et al. “Stimulating property of Turnera diffusa and Pfaffia paniculata extracts on the sexual behavior of male rats." Psychopharmacology. 1999; 143(1): 15–9.
Matsumoto, I., “Beta-ecdysone from Pfaffia paniculata." Japanese patent no. 82/118,422. January 20, 1984.
de Oliveira, F. G., et al. “Contribution to the pharmacognostic study of Brazilian ginseng Pfaffia paniculata.” An. Farm. Quim. 1980; 20(1–2): 277–361.
Pinello, K. C., et al. “Effects of Pfaffia paniculata (Brazilian ginseng) extract on macrophage activity.” Life Sci. 2005 Oct 6;
Mazzanti, G., et al. “Analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of Pfaffia paniculata (Martius) Kuntze." Phytother. Res. 1994; 8(7): 413-16.

Sarsaparilla (Smilax officinalis) 
Hu, Y., et al. “A new approach to the pharmacological regulation of memory: Sarsasapogenin improves memory by elevating the low muscarinic acetylcholine receptor density in brains of memory-deficit rat models.” Brain Res. 2005 Oct; 1060(1-2): 26-39.
Bernardo, R. R., et al. “Steroidal saponins from Smilax officinalis.” Phytochemistry. 1996; 43(2): 465-9.
Chen, T., et al. “A new flavanone isolated from Rhizoma smilacis glabrae and the structural requirements for its derivatives for preventing immunological hepatocyte damage." Planta Med. 1999; 65(1): 56–9.
Rafatullah, S., et al. “Hepatoprotective and safety evaluation studies on sarsaparilla.” Int. J. Pharmacognosy 1991; 29: 296–301.
Chu, K. T., et al. “Smilaxin, a novel protein with immunostimulatory, antiproliferative, and HIV-1-reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from fresh Smilax glabra rhizomes.” Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005 Dec; 340(1): 118.

Chuchuhuasi (Maytenus krukovii) 
Nakagawa, H., et al. “Chemical constituents from the Colombian medicinal plant Maytenus laevis.” J. Nat. Prod. 2004; 67(11): 1919-24.
Moreira, R. R., et al. “Release of intermediate reactive hydrogen peroxide by macrophage cells activated by natural products.” Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2001; 24(2): 201-4.
Flemming, K. “Increase of phagocytosis activity by Maytenus laevis leaves and Scholler-Tornesch lignine (Porlisan).” Naturwissenschaften. 1965 Jun; 52(12):3 46-7.
Dicarlo F. J., et al. “Protection of mice against gram-positive bacteria with Maytenus laevis and other RES stimulants.” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1964 May; 116:195-7.

Nettle (Urtica dioica) 
Popa, G., et al. “Efficacy of a combined Sabal-urtica preparation in the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study.” MMW Fortschr. Med. 2005 Oct; 147 Suppl 3:103-8.
Lopatkin, N., et al. “Long-term efficacy and safety of a combination of sabal and urtica extract for lower urinary tract symptoms--a placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial.” World J. Urol. 2005 Jun; 23(2): 139-46.
Popa, G., et al. “Benign prostate syndrome: urinary tract symptoms can be eased with phytotherapy.” MMW Fortschr. Med. 2005 Aug; 147(33-34):42.
Schneider, T., et al. “Stinging nettle root extract (Bazoton-uno) in long term treatment of benign prostatic syndrome (BPS). Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled multicenter study after 12 months” Urologe A. 2004 Mar;43(3):302-6.
Durak, I., et al. “Aqueous extract of Urtica dioica makes significant inhibition on adenosine deaminase activity in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer.” Cancer Biol. Ther. 2004; 3(9): 855-7.
Melo, E. A., et al. “Evaluating the efficiency of a combination of Pygeum africanum and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) extracts in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial.” Int. Braz. J. Urol. 2002 Sep-Oct; 28(5): 418-25.
Koch, E. “Extracts from fruits of saw palmetto (Sabal serrulata) and roots of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica): viable alternatives in the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and associated lower urinary tracts symptoms.” Planta Med. 2001; 67: 489-500.
Sokeland, J. “Combined sabal and urtica extract compared with finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: analysis of prostate volume and therapeutic outcome.” B. J. U. Int. 2000; 86(4): 439-42.
Schottner, M., et al. “Lignans from the roots of Urtica dioica and their metabolites bind to human sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG).” Planta Med. 1997; 63(6): 529-32.
Lichius, J. J., et al. “The inhibiting effects of Urtica dioica root extracts on experimentally induced prostatic hyperplasia in the mouse.” Planta Med. 1997; 63(4): 307-10.
Hryb, D. J., et al. “The effect of extracts of the roots of the stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on the interaction of SHBG with its receptor on human prostatic membranes.” Planta Med. 1995; 61(1): 31-2.
Koch E. and A. Biber. "Pharmacological effects of saw palmetto and urtica extracts for benign prostatic hyperplasia." Urologe 1994; 34(2): 90-95.
Krzeski, T., et al. “Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses.” Clin. Ther. 1993; 15(6): 1011-20.

Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril) 
Abdel-Kader, M., et al. “Isolation and absolute configuration of ent-Halimane diterpenoids from Hymenaea courbaril from the Suriname rain forest.” J. Nat. Prod. 2002; 65(1): 11-5.
Braga, F. C., et al. “Screening Brazilian plant species for in vitro inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase.” Phytomedicine. 2000; 6(6): 447-52.
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